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Sperm DNA fragmentation, or sperm fragmentation, refers to lesions, damage or breaks in the genetic material of the sperm, and is one of the major causes of male infertility. The causes of this DNA fragmentation may be intrinsic (due to imperfect sperm maturation or genetic alterations) or external (due to damage induced by radiotherapy or chemotherapy, by episodes of high fever, or acute and chronic inflammatory disease, among others). Studying sperm DNA fragmentation hopes to improve the chances of success in vitro fertilization treatments. In some cases, the oocyte can repair sperm fragmentation, depending on the type and severity of the lesion and the quality of the oocyte.