Cryptorchidism or undescended testicles is a disorder that occurs in one or both testicles when they fail to descend into the scrotum. It is a problem that affects 4% of new-borns. During pregnancy one testicle, or both, do not descend into the scrotum. This occurs as a result of a deficiency of the AMH hormone. Premature infants are more prone to this disease, although it usually resolves when the baby is nine months old. It is not a serious problem but must be resolved by a simple operation called orchidopexy.